Indonesia is making all efforts to relocate its capital from Jakarta to the new city of Nusantara. Reason being, Jakarta, one of the biggest cities in the world, is sinking.
Situated on the northwest coast of Java where the Ciliwung river meets the sea, Jakarta has been Indonesia’s capital and its largest urban center. Home to a population of approximately 10.6 million within the city limits and about 30 million in its metropolitan area, Jakarta is facing the pressing issue of sinking, with nearly 40% of its landmass now lying below sea level.
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In response to this challenge, the Indonesian Government has devised a plan to relocate the capital to Nusantara, a new city, which is reportedly, under construction on the eastern coast of Borneo, approximately 870 miles north of Jakarta. If reports are to go by, this ambitious project, estimated to cost around $35 billion and scheduled for completion by 2045, aims to mitigate the effects of Jakarta’s sinking while providing a strategic move for governance.
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This decision reflects a historical trend seen in countries like Nigeria and Brazil and Nigeria, where capital cities were relocated for various reasons. However, Jakarta’s case is unique as it marks the first instance where the climate crisis directly influences the capital relocation process. Rising sea levels, exacerbated by excessive groundwater extraction, have accelerated Jakarta’s sinking, prompting urgent action from the government.
Referring to this, Indonesian President Joko Widodo endorsed the capital relocation plan in August 2019, selecting East Kalimantan as the new site due to its proximity to the sea and lower susceptibility to natural disasters such as tsunamis, earthquakes, or volcanic eruptions.
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Meanwhile, Jakarta grapples with the consequences of its sinking status, exemplified by the plight of landmarks like the depicted mosque, which succumb to the encroaching waters.
Meanwhile, environmental experts warn of the dire possibility that a third of Jakarta could be submerged by 2050 if subsidence persists unabated. To address immediate concerns, Indonesia’s Government is investing significant resources in flood prevention measures for Jakarta, acknowledging the urgency of the situation and the need to safeguard its citizens and cultural heritage.
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