* . *
  • About
  • Advertise
  • Privacy & Policy
  • Contact
Monday, June 2, 2025
Earth-News
  • Home
  • Business
  • Entertainment
    Rising stars: Young classical musicians surging on social media – Yahoo

    Meet the Next Generation of Classical Music Sensations Making Waves on Social Media!

    Devin Harjes Dies: ‘Manifest’ & ‘Boardwalk Empire’ Actor Was 41 – WyomingNews.com

    Tragic Loss: Devin Harjes, Star of ‘Manifest’ and ‘Boardwalk Empire,’ Passes Away at 41

    Why Starz Entertainment Stock Soared Today – The Motley Fool

    Unpacking the Surge: What Fueled Starz Entertainment’s Stock Explosion Today!

    Unveiling the Enigmatic: First Looks at Destruction and Puck in ‘The Sandman

    Jackie Chan Reveals This Family Member ‘Never Watched’ The Whole Of Any Of His Movies – Yahoo

    Jackie Chan Reveals This Family Member ‘Never Watched’ The Whole Of Any Of His Movies – Yahoo

    Mavs CEO holds firm on new arena, entertainment district in Dallas – Dallas News

    Mavs CEO Stands Strong on Vision for New Arena and Entertainment District in Dallas

  • General
  • Health
  • News

    Cracking the Code: Why China’s Economic Challenges Aren’t Shaking Markets, Unlike America’s” – Bloomberg

    Trump’s Narrow Window to Spread the Truth About Harris

    Trump’s Narrow Window to Spread the Truth About Harris

    Israel-Gaza war live updates: Hamas leader Ismail Haniyeh assassinated in Iran, group says

    Israel-Gaza war live updates: Hamas leader Ismail Haniyeh assassinated in Iran, group says

    PAP Boss to Niger Delta Youths, Stay Away from the Protest

    PAP Boss to Niger Delta Youths, Stay Away from the Protest

    Court Restricts Protests In Lagos To Freedom, Peace Park

    Court Restricts Protests In Lagos To Freedom, Peace Park

    Fans React to Jazz Jennings’ Inspiring Weight Loss Journey

    Fans React to Jazz Jennings’ Inspiring Weight Loss Journey

    Trending Tags

    • Trump Inauguration
    • United Stated
    • White House
    • Market Stories
    • Election Results
  • Science
  • Sports
  • Technology
    ROLAND’S NEW WIRELESS TRIGGER TECHNOLOGY, PORTER & DAVIES ON TOUR, NEW 64 AUDIO ASPIRE UNIVERSAL IEM MODELS, WAVES FREE PLUGIN PACK – Modern Drummer Magazine

    ROLAND’S NEW WIRELESS TRIGGER TECHNOLOGY, PORTER & DAVIES ON TOUR, NEW 64 AUDIO ASPIRE UNIVERSAL IEM MODELS, WAVES FREE PLUGIN PACK – Modern Drummer Magazine

    This giant microwave may change the future of war – MIT Technology Review

    Revolutionizing Warfare: The Impact of a Game-Changing Giant Microwave

    Bajeed Pattan Joins Forbes Technology Council as Innovation Leader – PRWeb

    Bajeed Pattan Takes the Helm as Innovation Leader at Forbes Technology Council!

    Lafayette Regional Technology Council – Tech Leadership That’s Homegrown and Future-Focused – Discover Lafayette

    Lafayette Regional Technology Council – Tech Leadership That’s Homegrown and Future-Focused – Discover Lafayette

    Drone technology demo in Cambria County showcases future of lifesaving medical deliveries – local21news.com

    Revolutionizing Healthcare: Drone Technology Takes Flight for Lifesaving Medical Deliveries in Cambria County

    Revolutionary Harvesting Technology Promises to Slash CAR-T Manufacturing Costs!

    Trending Tags

    • Nintendo Switch
    • CES 2017
    • Playstation 4 Pro
    • Mark Zuckerberg
No Result
View All Result
  • Home
  • Business
  • Entertainment
    Rising stars: Young classical musicians surging on social media – Yahoo

    Meet the Next Generation of Classical Music Sensations Making Waves on Social Media!

    Devin Harjes Dies: ‘Manifest’ & ‘Boardwalk Empire’ Actor Was 41 – WyomingNews.com

    Tragic Loss: Devin Harjes, Star of ‘Manifest’ and ‘Boardwalk Empire,’ Passes Away at 41

    Why Starz Entertainment Stock Soared Today – The Motley Fool

    Unpacking the Surge: What Fueled Starz Entertainment’s Stock Explosion Today!

    Unveiling the Enigmatic: First Looks at Destruction and Puck in ‘The Sandman

    Jackie Chan Reveals This Family Member ‘Never Watched’ The Whole Of Any Of His Movies – Yahoo

    Jackie Chan Reveals This Family Member ‘Never Watched’ The Whole Of Any Of His Movies – Yahoo

    Mavs CEO holds firm on new arena, entertainment district in Dallas – Dallas News

    Mavs CEO Stands Strong on Vision for New Arena and Entertainment District in Dallas

  • General
  • Health
  • News

    Cracking the Code: Why China’s Economic Challenges Aren’t Shaking Markets, Unlike America’s” – Bloomberg

    Trump’s Narrow Window to Spread the Truth About Harris

    Trump’s Narrow Window to Spread the Truth About Harris

    Israel-Gaza war live updates: Hamas leader Ismail Haniyeh assassinated in Iran, group says

    Israel-Gaza war live updates: Hamas leader Ismail Haniyeh assassinated in Iran, group says

    PAP Boss to Niger Delta Youths, Stay Away from the Protest

    PAP Boss to Niger Delta Youths, Stay Away from the Protest

    Court Restricts Protests In Lagos To Freedom, Peace Park

    Court Restricts Protests In Lagos To Freedom, Peace Park

    Fans React to Jazz Jennings’ Inspiring Weight Loss Journey

    Fans React to Jazz Jennings’ Inspiring Weight Loss Journey

    Trending Tags

    • Trump Inauguration
    • United Stated
    • White House
    • Market Stories
    • Election Results
  • Science
  • Sports
  • Technology
    ROLAND’S NEW WIRELESS TRIGGER TECHNOLOGY, PORTER & DAVIES ON TOUR, NEW 64 AUDIO ASPIRE UNIVERSAL IEM MODELS, WAVES FREE PLUGIN PACK – Modern Drummer Magazine

    ROLAND’S NEW WIRELESS TRIGGER TECHNOLOGY, PORTER & DAVIES ON TOUR, NEW 64 AUDIO ASPIRE UNIVERSAL IEM MODELS, WAVES FREE PLUGIN PACK – Modern Drummer Magazine

    This giant microwave may change the future of war – MIT Technology Review

    Revolutionizing Warfare: The Impact of a Game-Changing Giant Microwave

    Bajeed Pattan Joins Forbes Technology Council as Innovation Leader – PRWeb

    Bajeed Pattan Takes the Helm as Innovation Leader at Forbes Technology Council!

    Lafayette Regional Technology Council – Tech Leadership That’s Homegrown and Future-Focused – Discover Lafayette

    Lafayette Regional Technology Council – Tech Leadership That’s Homegrown and Future-Focused – Discover Lafayette

    Drone technology demo in Cambria County showcases future of lifesaving medical deliveries – local21news.com

    Revolutionizing Healthcare: Drone Technology Takes Flight for Lifesaving Medical Deliveries in Cambria County

    Revolutionary Harvesting Technology Promises to Slash CAR-T Manufacturing Costs!

    Trending Tags

    • Nintendo Switch
    • CES 2017
    • Playstation 4 Pro
    • Mark Zuckerberg
No Result
View All Result
Earth-News
No Result
View All Result
Home Health

Exploring the pathogenesis of autoimmune liver diseases from the heterogeneity of target cells

July 15, 2024
in Health
Exploring the pathogenesis of autoimmune liver diseases from the heterogeneity of target cells
Share on FacebookShare on Twitter

by Xia & He Publishing Inc.

Exploring the pathogenesis of autoimmune liver diseases from the heterogeneity of target cells

Hepatoblasts differentiate into hepatocytes, large and small cholangiocytes. CK8, CK18, and CK19 are expressed in hepatoblasts. CK8 and CK18 are expressed in hepatocytes at week 6. CK19 is expressed in intrahepatic cholangiocytes. CK7 is expressed in intrahepatic cholangiocytes at week 20. Bcl2 is expressed in small cholangiocytes after final differentiation. P4502E1 is expressed in large cholangiocytes. CK, cytokeratin; Bcl2, B-cell lymphoma 2; HNF, hepatocyte nuclear factor. Credit: Bo Feng, Zi-Xuan Qiu, Lin-Xiang Huang

Autoimmune liver diseases (ALDs), including autoimmune hepatitis (AIH), primary biliary cholangitis (PBC), and primary sclerosing cholangitis (PSC), are complex conditions involving the liver’s immune-mediated damage. These diseases are increasingly prevalent, but their pathogenesis remains largely unclear.

Published in the Journal of Clinical and Translational Hepatology, a review explores the role of cellular heterogeneity in understanding and potentially treating these conditions.

Heterogeneity in hepatocytes and bile duct epithelial cells

Hepatocytes and intrahepatic bile duct cells derive from hepatoblasts, whereas extrahepatic bile duct cells share developmental origins with the pancreas and duodenum. Hepatocytes display heterogeneity along the central vein-to-portal axis, marked by zonal distributions of key liver-gene expressions and homeostatic proliferation influenced by WNT and RSPO3 signaling from the central vein endothelium.

Autoimmune hepatitis (AIH)

AIH involves chronic liver inflammation, primarily targeting hepatocytes, leading to elevated serum aminotransferase levels, increased immunoglobulin G (IgG), and circulating autoantibodies. The autoimmune response in AIH may be triggered by molecular mimicry, where T cells mistakenly attack host proteins.

The presence of autoantibodies and antigen-specific cytotoxic T cells exacerbates liver damage. Decreased deoxyribonuclease I activity also plays a crucial role by reducing apoptotic cell clearance, thereby intensifying the autoimmune reaction. Key inflammatory mediators like interferon-gamma (IFN-γ) induce chemokine and adhesion molecule expression in hepatocytes, promoting inflammation and antigen presentation to T-helper (Th) cells and CD8+ T lymphocytes.

Primary biliary cholangitis (PBC)

PBC predominantly affects the epithelial cells of small bile ducts, leading to chronic intrahepatic cholestasis. Characterized by non-suppurative destructive cholangitis, PBC manifests with elevated alkaline phosphatase (ALP), γ-glutamyl transpeptidase (GGT), IgM levels, and anti-mitochondrial antibodies (AMAs). The chemokine C-X3-C motif chemokine ligand is implicated in bile duct damage, with epithelial cells exhibiting high proliferative activity to compensate for cell loss. Emerging data highlight the significant proliferative response of bile duct cells as a protective mechanism against specific liver injuries.

Primary sclerosing cholangitis (PSC)

PSC involves chronic inflammation and fibrosis of intra- and extrahepatic bile ducts, leading to stenosis and eventual occlusions. The exact pathogenesis remains elusive, but PSC is marked by a distinctive pattern of bile duct injury and inflammation. In PSC, bile duct cells display degenerative and atrophic features, contributing to disease progression. Research indicates that specific bile duct cell subsets can proliferate and differentiate into neuronal-like phenotypes in response to liver damage.

Role of microRNAs (miRNAs) in ALDs

MiRNAs are critical post-transcriptional gene regulators implicated in various autoimmune conditions, including ALDs. Specific miRNAs, such as miR-21, miR-122, and miR-155, correlate with the severity of AIH, influencing key pathogenic processes. Dysregulated miRNAs can serve as biomarkers for disease activity and hold potential for therapeutic modulation to restore immune tolerance and reduce autoimmune responses.

Application of single-cell RNA sequencing and spatial transcriptomics

The advent of single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) and spatial transcriptomics has revolutionized our understanding of cellular heterogeneity in ALDs. These technologies allow for unprecedented resolution in identifying cell subpopulations and understanding intercellular communication mechanisms. By integrating scRNA-seq and spatial transcriptomics, researchers can map cell-type distributions and elucidate pathogenic mechanisms, paving the way for targeted therapeutic interventions.

Understanding the heterogeneity of target cells in ALDs provides new insights into their pathogenesis and potential treatment strategies. AIH, PBC, and PSC exhibit distinct cellular targets and inflammatory profiles, underlining the importance of personalized approaches in managing these diseases. Advances in technologies like scRNA-seq and spatial transcriptomics offer promising avenues for future research and clinical applications.

More information:
Zi-Xuan Qiu et al, Exploring the Pathogenesis of Autoimmune Liver Diseases from the Heterogeneity of Target Cells, Journal of Clinical and Translational Hepatology (2024). DOI: 10.14218/JCTH.2023.00531

Provided by
Xia & He Publishing Inc.

Citation:
Exploring the pathogenesis of autoimmune liver diseases from the heterogeneity of target cells (2024, July 15)
retrieved 15 July 2024
from https://medicalxpress.com/news/2024-07-exploring-pathogenesis-autoimmune-liver-diseases.html

This document is subject to copyright. Apart from any fair dealing for the purpose of private study or research, no
part may be reproduced without the written permission. The content is provided for information purposes only.

>>> Read full article>>>
Copyright for syndicated content belongs to the linked Source : Medical Xpress – https://medicalxpress.com/news/2024-07-exploring-pathogenesis-autoimmune-liver-diseases.html

Tags: Exploringhealthpathogenesis
Previous Post

New biomarker shows potential to evaluate treatment response for metastatic colorectal cancer

Next Post

Better together: Spatial arrangement of three immune cells is key to attacking tumors, study finds

Frans and Liu receive outstanding paper in landscape ecology award – Michigan State University

Frans and Liu receive outstanding paper in landscape ecology award – Michigan State University

June 2, 2025
‘Amazing Worlds of Science Fiction and Science Fact’ Review: An Education in Exoplanets – WSJ

Exploring the Fascinating Realms of Science Fiction and Fact: A Journey Through Exoplanets

June 2, 2025
2-Year-Old Prodigy Joins ‘High IQ’ Club Mensa as Youngest Member Ever – ScienceAlert

Meet the 2-Year-Old Prodigy Who Just Became Mensa’s Youngest Member Ever!

June 2, 2025
Labubu Fever Ignites a Global Craze for Lifestyle and Investment – iChongqing

Labubu Fever Ignites a Global Craze for Lifestyle and Investment – iChongqing

June 2, 2025
Erin Hills ‘dominates’ Nelly Korda at U.S. Women’s Open, where she finished second – Golfweek

Nelly Korda Falls Short at U.S. Women’s Open as Erin Hills Takes Center Stage

June 2, 2025
Economy Shrank Less Than Previously Thought in First Quarter – Investopedia

Economy Shrank Less Than Previously Thought in First Quarter – Investopedia

June 2, 2025
Rising stars: Young classical musicians surging on social media – Yahoo

Meet the Next Generation of Classical Music Sensations Making Waves on Social Media!

June 2, 2025
Medicaid work rules could leave a million Californians with no health insurance – CalMatters

California’s Medicaid Work Rules: A Million Residents at Risk of Losing Health Coverage!

June 2, 2025
Texas Democrat Beto O’Rourke returns to Houston area for another town hall – Houston Public Media

Beto O’Rourke Makes a Comeback: Join Him for an Engaging Town Hall in Houston!

June 2, 2025
In Indore, Alstom’s advanced metro train and CBTC signalling technology transform urban mobility as revenue service commences – Alstom

Revolutionizing Urban Mobility: Alstom Launches Advanced Metro Train and Cutting-Edge Signalling Technology in Indore

June 2, 2025

Categories

Archives

June 2025
MTWTFSS
 1
2345678
9101112131415
16171819202122
23242526272829
30 
« May    
Earth-News.info

The Earth News is an independent English-language daily published Website from all around the World News

Browse by Category

  • Business (20,132)
  • Ecology (659)
  • Economy (673)
  • Entertainment (21,580)
  • General (15,256)
  • Health (9,716)
  • Lifestyle (676)
  • News (22,149)
  • People (675)
  • Politics (682)
  • Science (15,894)
  • Sports (21,178)
  • Technology (15,660)
  • World (661)

Recent News

Frans and Liu receive outstanding paper in landscape ecology award – Michigan State University

Frans and Liu receive outstanding paper in landscape ecology award – Michigan State University

June 2, 2025
‘Amazing Worlds of Science Fiction and Science Fact’ Review: An Education in Exoplanets – WSJ

Exploring the Fascinating Realms of Science Fiction and Fact: A Journey Through Exoplanets

June 2, 2025
  • About
  • Advertise
  • Privacy & Policy
  • Contact

© 2023 earth-news.info

No Result
View All Result

© 2023 earth-news.info

No Result
View All Result

© 2023 earth-news.info

Go to mobile version