* . *
  • About
  • Advertise
  • Privacy & Policy
  • Contact
Saturday, August 16, 2025
Earth-News
  • Home
  • Business
  • Entertainment
    ‘The Rainmaker’ Premiere: Milo Callaghan Breaks Down Rudy Baylor’s ‘Misguided Valor’ – The Laconia Daily Sun

    Inside ‘The Rainmaker’ Premiere: Milo Callaghan Uncovers the Real Story Behind Rudy Baylor’s Misguided Valor

    Suicide Squad Member Gets New Origin in Absolute Flash – yahoo.com

    Suicide Squad Member Unveiled with Exciting New Origin in Absolute Flash

    I’ll miss the chaos of ‘And Just like That…’ (and Che Diaz too) – yahoo.com

    Why I’ll Truly Miss the Wild Ride of ‘And Just Like That…’ (and Che Diaz!)

    Webtoon Entertainment Stages Recovery With Disney’s Stamp of Approval – The Wall Street Journal

    Webtoon Entertainment Soars to New Heights with Disney’s Stamp of Approval

    Georgia Tech Launches Arts, Entertainment, and Creative Technologies Degree – Georgia Tech News Center

    Georgia Tech Unveils Exciting New Degree in Arts, Entertainment, and Creative Technologies

    John Davison departs from IGN Entertainment – GamesIndustry.biz

    John Davison Steps Down from IGN Entertainment Leadership

  • General
  • Health
  • News

    Cracking the Code: Why China’s Economic Challenges Aren’t Shaking Markets, Unlike America’s” – Bloomberg

    Trump’s Narrow Window to Spread the Truth About Harris

    Trump’s Narrow Window to Spread the Truth About Harris

    Israel-Gaza war live updates: Hamas leader Ismail Haniyeh assassinated in Iran, group says

    Israel-Gaza war live updates: Hamas leader Ismail Haniyeh assassinated in Iran, group says

    PAP Boss to Niger Delta Youths, Stay Away from the Protest

    PAP Boss to Niger Delta Youths, Stay Away from the Protest

    Court Restricts Protests In Lagos To Freedom, Peace Park

    Court Restricts Protests In Lagos To Freedom, Peace Park

    Fans React to Jazz Jennings’ Inspiring Weight Loss Journey

    Fans React to Jazz Jennings’ Inspiring Weight Loss Journey

    Trending Tags

    • Trump Inauguration
    • United Stated
    • White House
    • Market Stories
    • Election Results
  • Science
  • Sports
  • Technology

    Youxin Technology Ltd Faces Nasdaq Deficiency Notices Over Listing Compliance Issues

    Vermont famers say new technology is changing the state’s agriculture industry – News Channel 3-12

    Vermont Farmers Embrace New Technology Transforming the State’s Agriculture Industry

    Verb Technology Reports Revenue Growth Amidst Strategic Expansions – TipRanks

    Verb Technology Soars with Impressive Revenue Growth Driven by Strategic Expansions

    Midwest Technology Summit held in Fargo – WDAY Radio

    Midwest Technology Summit held in Fargo – WDAY Radio

    K1 Semiconductor Joins Chicago Quantum Exchange To Advance Wafer Technology. – Quantum Zeitgeist

    K1 Semiconductor Partners with Chicago Quantum Exchange to Revolutionize Wafer Technology

    Indirect tax transformation: Navigating change, embracing technology – Thomson Reuters tax and accounting

    Revolutionizing Indirect Tax: Embracing Technology to Navigate Change

    Trending Tags

    • Nintendo Switch
    • CES 2017
    • Playstation 4 Pro
    • Mark Zuckerberg
No Result
View All Result
  • Home
  • Business
  • Entertainment
    ‘The Rainmaker’ Premiere: Milo Callaghan Breaks Down Rudy Baylor’s ‘Misguided Valor’ – The Laconia Daily Sun

    Inside ‘The Rainmaker’ Premiere: Milo Callaghan Uncovers the Real Story Behind Rudy Baylor’s Misguided Valor

    Suicide Squad Member Gets New Origin in Absolute Flash – yahoo.com

    Suicide Squad Member Unveiled with Exciting New Origin in Absolute Flash

    I’ll miss the chaos of ‘And Just like That…’ (and Che Diaz too) – yahoo.com

    Why I’ll Truly Miss the Wild Ride of ‘And Just Like That…’ (and Che Diaz!)

    Webtoon Entertainment Stages Recovery With Disney’s Stamp of Approval – The Wall Street Journal

    Webtoon Entertainment Soars to New Heights with Disney’s Stamp of Approval

    Georgia Tech Launches Arts, Entertainment, and Creative Technologies Degree – Georgia Tech News Center

    Georgia Tech Unveils Exciting New Degree in Arts, Entertainment, and Creative Technologies

    John Davison departs from IGN Entertainment – GamesIndustry.biz

    John Davison Steps Down from IGN Entertainment Leadership

  • General
  • Health
  • News

    Cracking the Code: Why China’s Economic Challenges Aren’t Shaking Markets, Unlike America’s” – Bloomberg

    Trump’s Narrow Window to Spread the Truth About Harris

    Trump’s Narrow Window to Spread the Truth About Harris

    Israel-Gaza war live updates: Hamas leader Ismail Haniyeh assassinated in Iran, group says

    Israel-Gaza war live updates: Hamas leader Ismail Haniyeh assassinated in Iran, group says

    PAP Boss to Niger Delta Youths, Stay Away from the Protest

    PAP Boss to Niger Delta Youths, Stay Away from the Protest

    Court Restricts Protests In Lagos To Freedom, Peace Park

    Court Restricts Protests In Lagos To Freedom, Peace Park

    Fans React to Jazz Jennings’ Inspiring Weight Loss Journey

    Fans React to Jazz Jennings’ Inspiring Weight Loss Journey

    Trending Tags

    • Trump Inauguration
    • United Stated
    • White House
    • Market Stories
    • Election Results
  • Science
  • Sports
  • Technology

    Youxin Technology Ltd Faces Nasdaq Deficiency Notices Over Listing Compliance Issues

    Vermont famers say new technology is changing the state’s agriculture industry – News Channel 3-12

    Vermont Farmers Embrace New Technology Transforming the State’s Agriculture Industry

    Verb Technology Reports Revenue Growth Amidst Strategic Expansions – TipRanks

    Verb Technology Soars with Impressive Revenue Growth Driven by Strategic Expansions

    Midwest Technology Summit held in Fargo – WDAY Radio

    Midwest Technology Summit held in Fargo – WDAY Radio

    K1 Semiconductor Joins Chicago Quantum Exchange To Advance Wafer Technology. – Quantum Zeitgeist

    K1 Semiconductor Partners with Chicago Quantum Exchange to Revolutionize Wafer Technology

    Indirect tax transformation: Navigating change, embracing technology – Thomson Reuters tax and accounting

    Revolutionizing Indirect Tax: Embracing Technology to Navigate Change

    Trending Tags

    • Nintendo Switch
    • CES 2017
    • Playstation 4 Pro
    • Mark Zuckerberg
No Result
View All Result
Earth-News
No Result
View All Result
Home Science

Chemists reveal how Rembrandt combined special pigments for golden details of ‘The Night Watch’

July 24, 2024
in Science
Chemists reveal how Rembrandt combined special pigments for golden details of ‘The Night Watch’
Share on FacebookShare on Twitter

Chemists reveal how Rembrandt combined special pigments for golden details of 'The Night Watch'

Cross section of paint sample SK-C-5_017 as seen through a light microscope. It shows various crystals of yellow, orange and red pigments of which the precise composition was established using a combination of electron microscopy, Raman spectroscopy, and X-ray powder diffraction. Credit: Rijksmuseum.

Chemists at the Rijksmuseum and the University of Amsterdam (UvA) have for the first time established how Rembrandt applied special arsenic sulfide pigments to create a “golden” paint.

Using sophisticated spectroscopic techniques, they were able to map the presence of pararealgar (yellow) and semi-amorphous pararealgar (orange/red) pigments in a striking detail of his famous work “The Night Watch.” Corroborated by study of related historical sources, they conclude that Rembrandt intentionally combined these particular arsenic sulfide pigments with other pigments to create the golden luster.

The discovery was published in the journal Heritage Science by Fréderique Broers and Nouchka de Keyser, Ph.D. candidates at the UvA’s Van ‘t Hoff Institute for Molecular Sciences and researchers at the Rijksmuseum.

They conclude that Rembrandt used the rather unusual combination of pigments to depict the golden threading in the doublet sleeves and embroidered buff coat worn by Lieutenant Willem van Ruytenburch. He is on the right of the two central figures at the front of the shooting company tableau, accompanying Captain Frans Banninck Cocq.

Chemists elucidate how Rembrandt combined special pigments for golden details of The Night Watch

Rembrandt’s Night Watch (left), the clothing of Lieutenant Willem van Ruytenburch (right) and the location where paint sample SK-C-5_017 was taken. Credit: Rijksmuseum

Unusual pigments

The discovery of the arsenic sulfide pigments took place in the large-scale research project Operation Night Watch which started in 2019 and continues to deliver striking results. A full X-ray fluorescence (MA-XRF) scan of the painting had already revealed the presence of arsenic and sulfur in parts of Van Ruytenburch’s clothing. It led the researchers to assume the presence of the well-known arsenic sulfide pigments orpiment (yellow) and realgar (red).

A detailed study of two tiny paint samples taken from the painting showed otherwise. High-tech analysis combining light microscopy with micro-Raman spectroscopy, electron microscopy and X-ray powder diffraction revealed the presence of the more unusual arsenic sulfide components pararealgar (yellow) and semi-amorphous pararealgar (orange-red).

Chemists elucidate how Rembrandt combined special pigments for golden details of The Night Watch

Rembrandt’s Night Watch. Credit: Rijksmuseum

Deliberate use

The presence of pararealgar in historical paintings is often explained by the aging of realgar. However, because pararealgar is homogeneously distributed with the semi-amorphous pararealgar, and the paint looks unaltered, the researchers arrive at a different explanation.

They argue that Rembrandt deliberately chose to use these pigments in his effort to imitate the golden details of Van Ruytenburch’s clothing. Heating yellow pararealgar pigment results in formation of the reddish semi-amorphous pararealgar. This was then combined with lead–tin yellow and vermilion (red mercury sulfide) pigments to create the golden luster.

This chemical explanation was supported by a comprehensive review of historical sources reporting on the use of arsenic sulfide pigments. It seems that in 17th-century Amsterdam a broader range of arsenic pigments were available than previously thought.

These probably arrived through known trade routes from Germany/Austria and Venice to Amsterdam. This is further supported by the reported use of a very similar mixture of pigments by Willem Kalf (1619–1693), a contemporary of Rembrandt in Amsterdam.

The researchers therefore conclude that Rembrandt intentionally used pararealgar and semi-amorphous pararealgar, together with lead–tin yellow and vermilion, to create the special orange-“golden” paint.

More information:
Nouchka De Keyser et al, Discovery of pararealgar and semi-amorphous pararealgar in Rembrandt’s The Night Watch: analytical study and historical contextualization, Heritage Science (2024). DOI: 10.1186/s40494-024-01350-x

Citation:
Chemists reveal how Rembrandt combined special pigments for golden details of ‘The Night Watch’ (2024, July 24)
retrieved 24 July 2024
from https://phys.org/news/2024-07-chemists-reveal-rembrandt-combined-special.html

This document is subject to copyright. Apart from any fair dealing for the purpose of private study or research, no
part may be reproduced without the written permission. The content is provided for information purposes only.

>>> Read full article>>>
Copyright for syndicated content belongs to the linked Source : Phys.org – https://phys.org/news/2024-07-chemists-reveal-rembrandt-combined-special.html

Tags: ChemistsRevealscience
Previous Post

NASA streams first 4K video from aircraft to space station and back

Next Post

Steph has wholesome interaction with fan buying his Warriors jersey

Meet the Stunning Winners of the 2025 Ecology, Evolution, and Zoology Image Competition!

August 16, 2025
Topological spin textures: Scientists use micro-structured materials to control light propagation – Phys.org

Harnessing Topological Spin Textures: How Micro-Structured Materials Revolutionize Light Control

August 16, 2025
UCLA Computer Science Alumna and Taboola Executive Helps Lead Global AI Efforts to Empower Digital Media – UCLA Samueli School of Engineering

UCLA Computer Science Alumna and Taboola Executive Leading Global AI Innovation to Revolutionize Digital Media

August 16, 2025
The Future Of Cannabis: A Lifestyle Product Mirroring Wine’s Evolution – Harlem World Magazine

The Future Of Cannabis: A Lifestyle Product Mirroring Wine’s Evolution – Harlem World Magazine

August 16, 2025

Youxin Technology Ltd Faces Nasdaq Deficiency Notices Over Listing Compliance Issues

August 16, 2025
Good Sports: Valley students picked to work on USC’s turf ahead of season opener – ABC30 Fresno

Valley Students Rally to Ready USC’s Turf for Season Opener

August 16, 2025
Box, run, crash: China’s humanoid robot games show advances and limitations – The Guardian

Box, Run, Crash: Inside China’s Humanoid Robot Games Revealing Stunning Progress and Surprising Challenges

August 16, 2025
Customers look set to bear the tariff cost burden – Axios

Rising Tariff Costs: How They Impact Your Wallet and What You Can Do

August 16, 2025
‘The Rainmaker’ Premiere: Milo Callaghan Breaks Down Rudy Baylor’s ‘Misguided Valor’ – The Laconia Daily Sun

Inside ‘The Rainmaker’ Premiere: Milo Callaghan Uncovers the Real Story Behind Rudy Baylor’s Misguided Valor

August 16, 2025
NC state employee and teacher reps say health insurance increases will hurt worker retention – NC Newsline

Rising Health Insurance Costs Jeopardize Retention of State Employees and Teachers

August 16, 2025

Categories

Archives

August 2025
MTWTFSS
 123
45678910
11121314151617
18192021222324
25262728293031
« Jul    
Earth-News.info

The Earth News is an independent English-language daily published Website from all around the World News

Browse by Category

  • Business (20,132)
  • Ecology (774)
  • Economy (796)
  • Entertainment (21,673)
  • General (16,500)
  • Health (9,834)
  • Lifestyle (807)
  • News (22,149)
  • People (798)
  • Politics (803)
  • Science (16,009)
  • Sports (21,294)
  • Technology (15,776)
  • World (778)

Recent News

Meet the Stunning Winners of the 2025 Ecology, Evolution, and Zoology Image Competition!

August 16, 2025
Topological spin textures: Scientists use micro-structured materials to control light propagation – Phys.org

Harnessing Topological Spin Textures: How Micro-Structured Materials Revolutionize Light Control

August 16, 2025
  • About
  • Advertise
  • Privacy & Policy
  • Contact

© 2023 earth-news.info

No Result
View All Result

© 2023 earth-news.info

No Result
View All Result

© 2023 earth-news.info

Go to mobile version