References
Plaintiff’s motion for summary judgment. Merck & Co., Inc., v. Xavier Becerra et al. US District Court for the District of Columbia (11 July 2023).
Duehren, A., Wise, L. & Rubin, R. Democrats reach deal on lowering prescription drug prices. Wall Street Journal (2 November 2021).
Pharmaceutical Research and Manufacturers of America. ICYMI: a Patient, Physician, Biotech Investor and Industry Leaders Warn About the Dangers of Government Price Setting Bill https://catalyst.phrma.org/icymi-a-patient-physician-biotech-investor-and-industry-leaders-warn-about-the-dangers-of-government-price-setting-bill (2022).
Biotechnology Innovation Organization. New Drug Pricing Bill Could Propel Us Light Years Back into the Dark Ages of Biomedical Research https://www.bio.org/press-release/new-drug-pricing-deal-could-propel-us-light-years-back-dark-ages-biomedical-research (2022).
Kolchinsky, P. et al. Healthcare Investors Make a Case for a Simple Fix: Parity of ‘Negotiation’ for All Drugs at 13 Years https://nopatientleftbehind.docsend.com/view/e4cg7sgj6js5qenr (2022).
Buxbaum, J., Chernew, M., Fendrick, A. & Cutler, D. Contributions of public health, pharmaceuticals, and other medical care to US life expectancy changes, 1990–2015. Health Aff. 39, 1546–1556 (2020).
Article
Google Scholar
Cutlerc, D., Rosen, A. & Vijan, S. The value of medical spending in the United States, 1960–2000. N. Engl. J. Med. 355, 920–927 (2006).
United States Government Accountability Office. Drug Industry: Profits, Research and Development Spending, and Merger and Acquisition Deals. GAO-18-40 https://www.gao.gov/products/gao-18-40 (2017).
Dusetzina, S., Huskamp, H., Qin, X. & Keating, N. Prescription drug spending in fee-for-service Medicare, 2008–2019. JAMA 328, 1515–1522 (2022).
Article
PubMed
PubMed Central
Google Scholar
Congressional Budget Office. Estimated Budgetary Effects of Public Law 117-169 https://www.cbo.gov/system/files/2022-09/PL117-169_9-7-22.pdf (2022).
Congressional Budget Office. CBO’s Model of New Drug Development https://www.cbo.gov/publication/57450 (2022).
Philipson, T. & Durie, T. Issue Brief: the Impact of HR 5376 on Biopharmaceutical Innovation and Patient Health https://cpb-us-w2.wpmucdn.com/voices.uchicago.edu/dist/d/3128/files/2021/08/Issue-Brief-Drug-Pricing-in-HR-5376-11.30.pdf (2021).
Gassull, D., Bowen, H., & Schulthess, D. IRA’s Impact on the US Biopharma Ecosystem https://vitaltransformation.com/2023/05/iras-impact-on-the-us-biopharma-ecosystem (2023).
Dickson, S. & Hernandez, I. Drugs likely subject to Medicare negotiation, 2026–2028. J. Manag. Care Spec. Pharm. 29, 229–235 (2023).
PubMed
Google Scholar
Rome, B. et al. Simulated Medicare drug price negotiation under the Inflation Reduction Act of 2022. JAMA Health Forum 4, e225218 (2023).
Article
PubMed
Google Scholar
Reitsma, M. et al. Examining opportunities to increase savings from Medicare price negotiations. JAMA Intern. Med. 183, 581–588 (2023).
Article
PubMed
Google Scholar
Schuhmacher, A. et al. The significance of blockbusters in the pharmaceutical industry. Nat. Rev. Drug Discov. 22, 177–178 (2023).
Article
CAS
PubMed
Google Scholar
Evaluate Pharma. World Preview 2022, Outlook to 2028: Patents and Pricing https://info.evaluate.com/rs/607-YGS-364/images/2022%20World%20Preview%20Report.pdf (2022).
Hernandez, I., San-Juan-Rodriguez, A., Good, C. & Gellad, W. Changes in list prices, net prices, and discounts for branded drugs in the US, 2007–2018. JAMA 323, 854–862 (2020).
Article
PubMed
PubMed Central
Google Scholar
Brown, A. The Patent Winter is Coming https://www.evaluate.com/vantage/articles/insights/other-data/patent-winter-coming (2022).
Dixit, R. & David, F. Market watch: trends in pharmaceutical company R&D spending: 2005–2015. Nat. Rev. Drug Discov. 16, 376 (2017).
Article
CAS
PubMed
Google Scholar
Elmhirst, E. COVID Drives a Record Jump in Research Spending for Big Pharma https://www.evaluate.com/node/17806/pdf (2022).
Joint Committee on Taxation. Memorandum: Analysis of Large Pharmaceutical Corporation Tax Data https://www.finance.senate.gov/imo/media/doc/JCT%20-%20pharma%20tax%20data%205.4.23.pdf (2023).
Krieger, J., Li, X. & Thakor, R. Find and Replace: R&D Investment Following the Erosion of Existing Products Working Paper 19-058 (Harvard Business School, 2021).
Ringel, M. What is the right amount to spend on biopharma R&D? Nat. Rev. Drug Discov. 16, 597–598 (2017).
Article
CAS
PubMed
Google Scholar
Yin, W. Market incentives and pharmaceutical innovation. J. Health Econ. 27, 1060–1077 (2008).
Article
PubMed
Google Scholar
Blume-Kohout, M. & Sood, N. Market size and innovation: effects of Medicare Part D on pharmaceutical research and development. J. Public Econ. 97, 327–336 (2013).
Article
PubMed
PubMed Central
Google Scholar
Agha, L., Kim, S., & Li, D. Insurance design and pharmaceutical innovation. Am. Econ. Rev. Insights 4, 191–208 (2022).
Branstetter, L., Chatterjee, C., & Higgins, M. Generic Competition and the Incentives for Early-Stage Pharmaceutical Innovation Working Paper 20532 https://www.nber.org/system/files/working_papers/w20532/w20532.pdf (NBER, 2022).
Vogel, M., Kesselheim, A., Feldman, W. & Rome, B. Will Medicare price negotiation delay cancer-drug launches? N. Engl. J. Med. 389, 1546–1548 (2023).
Article
PubMed
Google Scholar
Congressional Budget Office. How CBO Estimated the Budgetary Impact of Key Prescription Drug Provisions in the 2022 Reconciliation Act https://www.cbo.gov/system/files/2023-02/58850-IRA-Drug-Provs.pdf (2023).
Frank, R., McGuire, T. & Nason, I. The evolution of supply and demand in markets for generic drugs. Milbank Q. 99, 828–852 (2021).
Article
PubMed
PubMed Central
Google Scholar
Vogel, M. et al. Cost of exempting sole orphan drugs from Medicare negotiation. JAMA Intern. Med. 184, 63–69 (2024).
Article
PubMed
Google Scholar
Abbott, T. & Vernon, J. The cost of US pharmaceutical price regulation: a financial simulation model of R&D decisions. Manage. Decis. Econ. 28, 293–306 (2007).
Article
Google Scholar
Kerr, W. & Nanda, R. Financing innovation. Annu. Rev. Financ. Econ. 7, 445–462 (2015).
Article
Google Scholar
Fougner, C. et al. Herding in the drug development pipeline. Nat. Rev. Drug Discov. 22, 617–618 (2023).
Article
CAS
PubMed
Google Scholar
Bloom, N., Schankerman, M. & Van Reenen, J. Identifying technology spillovers and product market rivalry. Econometrica 81, 1347–1393 (2013).
Article
Google Scholar
Dranove, D., Garthwaite, C. & Hermosilla, M. Does consumer demand ‘pull’ scientifically novel drug innovation? Rand J. Econ. 53, 590–638 (2022).
Byrski, D., Gaessler, F. & Higgins, M. Market Size and Research: Evidence from the Pharmaceutical Industry Working Paper 28858 https://www.nber.org/system/files/working_papers/w28858/w28858.pdf (National Bureau of Economics Research, 2021).
Frank, R., Conti, R. & Gruber, J. International reference pricing in the context of US drug policy. J. Health Polit. Policy Law 47, 779–796 (2022).
Article
PubMed
Google Scholar
Conti, R., Frank, R. & Nichols, L. How do commercial insurance plans fare under proposed prescription drug price regulation? JAMA Health Forum 2, e214242 (2021).
Article
PubMed
Google Scholar
Adler, L. Cost-Shifting in Drug Pricing, or the Lack Thereof https://www.brookings.edu/articles/cost-shifting-in-drug-pricing-or-the-lack-thereof (2021).
Clemens, J. & Gottlieb, J. In the shadow of a giant: Medicare’s influence on private physician payments. J. Polit. Econ. 125, 1–39 (2017).
Article
PubMed
Google Scholar
Dusetzina, S., Keating, N., Huskamp, H. & Mello, M. Medicare’s plan for drug-price negotiation: the importance of defining generic entry. N. Engl. J. Med. 389, 97–100 (2023).
Article
PubMed
Google Scholar
Rome, B., Egilman, A. & Kesselheim, A. Trends in prescription drug launch prices, 2008–2021. JAMA 327, 2145–2147 (2022).
Article
PubMed
PubMed Central
Google Scholar
Congressional Budget Office. Re: Additional Information About Drug Price Negotiation. https://www.cbo.gov/system/files/2023-12/59792-Letter.pdf (2023).
Cha, M., Rifai, B. & Sarraf, P. Pharmaceutical forecasting: throwing darts? Nat. Rev. Drug Discov. 12, 737–738 (2013).
Article
CAS
PubMed
Google Scholar
DiMasi, J., Grabowski, H. & Hansen, R. Innovation in the pharmaceutical industry: new estimates of R&D costs. J. Health Econ. 47, 20–33 (2016).
Article
PubMed
Google Scholar
Wouters, O., McKee, M. & Luyten, J. Estimated research and development investment needed to bring a new medicine to market, 2009–2018. JAMA 323, 844–853 (2020).
Article
PubMed
PubMed Central
Google Scholar
Frank, R. & Zeckhauser, R. Excess Prices for Drugs in Medicare: Diagnosis and Prescription Working Paper RWP18-005 https://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=3116330 (Harvard Kennedy School, 2018).
Download references
>>> Read full article>>>
Copyright for syndicated content belongs to the linked Source : Nature.com – https://www.nature.com/articles/s41587-023-02096-w
