* . *
  • About
  • Advertise
  • Privacy & Policy
  • Contact
Friday, July 4, 2025
Earth-News
  • Home
  • Business
  • Entertainment
    MAY HER SOUL REST IN PEACE 🙏 Veteran entertainment columnist and talent manager Lolit Solis has passed away. She was 78 years old. https://tinyurl.com/6kumarkx | LatestChika.com – Facebook

    Beloved Entertainment Icon Lolit Solis Passes Away at 78 – A Life Remembered with Love and Respect 🙏

    Neil Young Plays Rare Full-Band ‘Ambulance Blues’ With The Chrome Hearts – Yahoo

    Neil Young Stuns Fans with Rare Full-Band Performance of ‘Ambulance Blues’ Alongside The Chrome Hearts

    BTS Announce Their Big Return and Yes, They Already Have Some Major Plans in the Works – Yahoo

    BTS Announce Their Big Return and Yes, They Already Have Some Major Plans in the Works – Yahoo

    Nantucket Dance Festival opens July 8 – The Inquirer and Mirror

    Nantucket Dance Festival Launches with Thrilling Performances Beginning July 8

    A Secret Society, Ritualistic Killings, and a Century-Old Curse Netflix and YRF Entertainment’s ‘Mandala Murders’ Premieres July 25 – About Netflix

    A Secret Society, Ritualistic Killings, and a Century-Old Curse: Dive into the Chilling World of ‘Mandala Murders’ Premiering July 25

    Susquehanna Raises Penn Entertainment Inc. (PENN) Price Target. – Yahoo Finance

    Susquehanna Raises Price Target for Penn Entertainment Inc. (PENN)

  • General
  • Health
  • News

    Cracking the Code: Why China’s Economic Challenges Aren’t Shaking Markets, Unlike America’s” – Bloomberg

    Trump’s Narrow Window to Spread the Truth About Harris

    Trump’s Narrow Window to Spread the Truth About Harris

    Israel-Gaza war live updates: Hamas leader Ismail Haniyeh assassinated in Iran, group says

    Israel-Gaza war live updates: Hamas leader Ismail Haniyeh assassinated in Iran, group says

    PAP Boss to Niger Delta Youths, Stay Away from the Protest

    PAP Boss to Niger Delta Youths, Stay Away from the Protest

    Court Restricts Protests In Lagos To Freedom, Peace Park

    Court Restricts Protests In Lagos To Freedom, Peace Park

    Fans React to Jazz Jennings’ Inspiring Weight Loss Journey

    Fans React to Jazz Jennings’ Inspiring Weight Loss Journey

    Trending Tags

    • Trump Inauguration
    • United Stated
    • White House
    • Market Stories
    • Election Results
  • Science
  • Sports
  • Technology
    Environmental cognitive distance, R&D capability distance, and supply chain green technology innovation – Nature

    Bridging Gaps: How Environmental and R&D Differences Drive Green Technology Innovation in Supply Chains

    LG Innotek CEO Moon Hyuksoo: “Our Next-gen Substrate Technology Will Change the Industry Paradigm” – TechPowerUp

    LG Innotek CEO Moon Hyuksoo: “Our Next-Gen Substrate Technology Will Revolutionize the Industry” Revolutionizing the Future: LG Innotek’s CEO Unveils Game-Changing Next-Gen Substrate Technology

    Inspira Technologies Secures Landmark $22.5M Deal: Major Revenue Breakthrough After FDA Clearance – Stock Titan

    Inspira Technologies Secures Landmark $22.5M Deal: Major Revenue Breakthrough After FDA Clearance – Stock Titan

    Meiwu Technology Company Limited and Shenzhen Zhinuo – GlobeNewswire

    Meiwu Technology Company Limited and Shenzhen Zhinuo – GlobeNewswire

    Owls inspire new revolutionary noise reduction technology – KTEN

    Owls inspire new revolutionary noise reduction technology – KTEN

    New center coming to Mizzou will focus on energy research and technology – Columbia Missourian

    Mizzou Launches Innovative New Center Dedicated to Energy Research and Technology

    Trending Tags

    • Nintendo Switch
    • CES 2017
    • Playstation 4 Pro
    • Mark Zuckerberg
No Result
View All Result
  • Home
  • Business
  • Entertainment
    MAY HER SOUL REST IN PEACE 🙏 Veteran entertainment columnist and talent manager Lolit Solis has passed away. She was 78 years old. https://tinyurl.com/6kumarkx | LatestChika.com – Facebook

    Beloved Entertainment Icon Lolit Solis Passes Away at 78 – A Life Remembered with Love and Respect 🙏

    Neil Young Plays Rare Full-Band ‘Ambulance Blues’ With The Chrome Hearts – Yahoo

    Neil Young Stuns Fans with Rare Full-Band Performance of ‘Ambulance Blues’ Alongside The Chrome Hearts

    BTS Announce Their Big Return and Yes, They Already Have Some Major Plans in the Works – Yahoo

    BTS Announce Their Big Return and Yes, They Already Have Some Major Plans in the Works – Yahoo

    Nantucket Dance Festival opens July 8 – The Inquirer and Mirror

    Nantucket Dance Festival Launches with Thrilling Performances Beginning July 8

    A Secret Society, Ritualistic Killings, and a Century-Old Curse Netflix and YRF Entertainment’s ‘Mandala Murders’ Premieres July 25 – About Netflix

    A Secret Society, Ritualistic Killings, and a Century-Old Curse: Dive into the Chilling World of ‘Mandala Murders’ Premiering July 25

    Susquehanna Raises Penn Entertainment Inc. (PENN) Price Target. – Yahoo Finance

    Susquehanna Raises Price Target for Penn Entertainment Inc. (PENN)

  • General
  • Health
  • News

    Cracking the Code: Why China’s Economic Challenges Aren’t Shaking Markets, Unlike America’s” – Bloomberg

    Trump’s Narrow Window to Spread the Truth About Harris

    Trump’s Narrow Window to Spread the Truth About Harris

    Israel-Gaza war live updates: Hamas leader Ismail Haniyeh assassinated in Iran, group says

    Israel-Gaza war live updates: Hamas leader Ismail Haniyeh assassinated in Iran, group says

    PAP Boss to Niger Delta Youths, Stay Away from the Protest

    PAP Boss to Niger Delta Youths, Stay Away from the Protest

    Court Restricts Protests In Lagos To Freedom, Peace Park

    Court Restricts Protests In Lagos To Freedom, Peace Park

    Fans React to Jazz Jennings’ Inspiring Weight Loss Journey

    Fans React to Jazz Jennings’ Inspiring Weight Loss Journey

    Trending Tags

    • Trump Inauguration
    • United Stated
    • White House
    • Market Stories
    • Election Results
  • Science
  • Sports
  • Technology
    Environmental cognitive distance, R&D capability distance, and supply chain green technology innovation – Nature

    Bridging Gaps: How Environmental and R&D Differences Drive Green Technology Innovation in Supply Chains

    LG Innotek CEO Moon Hyuksoo: “Our Next-gen Substrate Technology Will Change the Industry Paradigm” – TechPowerUp

    LG Innotek CEO Moon Hyuksoo: “Our Next-Gen Substrate Technology Will Revolutionize the Industry” Revolutionizing the Future: LG Innotek’s CEO Unveils Game-Changing Next-Gen Substrate Technology

    Inspira Technologies Secures Landmark $22.5M Deal: Major Revenue Breakthrough After FDA Clearance – Stock Titan

    Inspira Technologies Secures Landmark $22.5M Deal: Major Revenue Breakthrough After FDA Clearance – Stock Titan

    Meiwu Technology Company Limited and Shenzhen Zhinuo – GlobeNewswire

    Meiwu Technology Company Limited and Shenzhen Zhinuo – GlobeNewswire

    Owls inspire new revolutionary noise reduction technology – KTEN

    Owls inspire new revolutionary noise reduction technology – KTEN

    New center coming to Mizzou will focus on energy research and technology – Columbia Missourian

    Mizzou Launches Innovative New Center Dedicated to Energy Research and Technology

    Trending Tags

    • Nintendo Switch
    • CES 2017
    • Playstation 4 Pro
    • Mark Zuckerberg
No Result
View All Result
Earth-News
No Result
View All Result
Home Science

Unraveling Malaria’s Ancient Mysteries: DNA Reveals 5,500-Year-Old Infections

July 4, 2024
in Science
Unraveling Malaria’s Ancient Mysteries: DNA Reveals 5,500-Year-Old Infections
Share on FacebookShare on Twitter

Malaria Mosquito

Malaria continues to affect millions globally, causing substantial mortality and shaping human evolutionary history. Recent studies leveraging ancient DNA have illuminated the historical spread and origins of malaria, showing its adaptation across continents and its profound impact during colonial times. Advances in understanding these patterns offer insights into combating current and future malaria challenges. Credit: SciTechDaily

Research into malaria’s history through ancient DNA reveals its profound impact on human evolution and its global spread due to colonialism, military activity, and travel, highlighting challenges in controlling its resurgence.

Malaria, one of the world’s deadliest infectious diseases, is caused by several species of single-celled parasites that are transmitted through the bites of infected Anopheles mosquitoes. Despite massive control and eradication efforts, nearly half of the world’s population lives in areas where malaria is transmitted, and the World Health Organization estimates that malaria causes nearly 250 million infections and more than 600,000 deaths each year.

In addition to its modern impact, malaria has significantly influenced human evolutionary history. “Although largely a tropical disease today, only a century ago the pathogen’s range covered half the world’s land surface, including parts of the northern USA, southern Canada, Scandinavia, and Siberia,” says lead author Megan Michel, a doctoral researcher at the Max Planck-Harvard Research Center Archaeoscience of the Ancient Mediterranean.

“Malaria’s legacy is written in our very genomes: genetic variants responsible for devastating blood disorders such as sickle cell disease are thought to persist in human populations because they confer partial resistance to malaria infection.”

Ancient Tombs in the Upper Mustang Region of Nepal

Ancient tombs are visible throughout the Upper Mustang region of Nepal. Credit: Christina Warinner

Unraveling the Mystery of Malaria’s Origins

The origins and spread of the two deadliest species of malaria parasites, Plasmodium falciparum and Plasmodium vivax, remain shrouded in mystery. Malaria infections leave no discernible traces in human skeletal remains, and scant references in historical texts can be difficult to decipher. However, recent advances in the ancient DNA field have revealed that human teeth can preserve traces of pathogens present in a person’s blood at the time of death, providing an opportunity to study illnesses that are normally invisible in the archaeological record.

To explore malaria’s enigmatic history, an international team of researchers from 80 institutions reconstructed ancient Plasmodium genome-wide data from 36 malaria-infected individuals spanning 5,500 years of human history on five continents. These ancient malaria cases provide an unprecedented opportunity to reconstruct the worldwide spread of malaria and its historical impact at global, regional, and even individual scales.

Traders in Upper Mustang Region of Nepal

Present-day traders and travelers in the Upper Mustang region of Nepal. Credit: Christina Warinner

Malaria’s Path through the Americas

Malaria is endemic in tropical regions of the Americas today, and scientists have long debated whether P. vivax, a malaria species adapted to survive in temperate climates, may have arrived via the Bering Strait with the peopling of the continent or traveled in the wake of European colonization.

To track the parasites’ journey into the Americas, the team analyzed ancient DNA from a malaria-infected individual from Laguna de los Cóndores, a high-altitude site situated in the remote cloud forests of the eastern Peruvian Andes. Genomic analysis revealed remarkable similarities between the Laguna de los Cóndores P. vivax strain and ancient European P. vivax, strongly suggesting that European colonizers spread this species to the Americas within the first century or so after contact

“Amplified by the effects of warfare, enslavement, and population displacement, infectious diseases, including malaria, devastated Indigenous peoples of the Americas during the colonial period, with mortality rates as high as 90 percent in some places,” says coauthor Evelyn Guevara, a postdoctoral researcher at the University of Helsinki and the MPI-EVA.

Remarkably, the team also uncovered genetic links between the Laguna de los Cóndores strain and modern Peruvian P. vivax populations 400 to 500 years later. “In addition to showing that malaria spread rapidly into what is a relatively remote region today, our data suggest that the pathogen thrived there, establishing an endemic focus and giving rise to parasites that are still infecting people in Peru today,” says co-author Eirini Skourtanioti, a postdoctoral researcher at MPI-EVA and MHAAM.

Upper Mustang region of Nepal

Upper Mustang region of Nepal. Credit: Christina Warinner

Military Movements and Malaria Spread in Europe

While the role of colonialism in the spread of malaria is evident in the Americas, the team uncovered military activities that shaped the regional spread of malaria on the other side of the Atlantic. The cemetery at the Gothic cathedral of St. Rombout’s in Mechelen, Belgium was located adjacent to the first permanent military hospital (1567-1715 CE) in early modern Europe.

Ancient human and pathogen DNA identified local cases of P. vivax among the general population buried before the construction of the military hospital, while individuals buried after its construction included cases of the more virulent P. falciparum malaria.

“Most interestingly, we observe more cases of malaria in non-local male individuals from the military hospital period,” explains co-author Federica Pierini, a postdoctoral researcher at the MPI-EVA. “We also identified several individuals infected with P. falciparum, a species that thrived in Mediterranean climates before eradication but was not thought to be endemic north of the Alps during this period.”

These virulent cases were found in non-local male individuals of diverse Mediterranean origins, who were likely soldiers recruited from northern Italy, Spain, and other Mediterranean regions to fight in the Hapsburg Army of Flanders during the 80 Years’ War.

“We find that the large-scale troop movements played an important role in the spread of malaria during this period, similar to cases of so-called airport malaria in temperate Europe today,” explains Alexander Herbig, Group Leader of Computational Pathogenomics at the MPI-EVA.

“In our globalized world, infected travelers carry Plasmodium parasites back to regions where malaria is now eradicated, and mosquitoes capable of transmitting these parasites can even lead to cases of ongoing local transmission. Although the landscape of malaria infection in Europe is radically different today than it was 500 years ago, we see parallels in the ways in which human mobility shapes malaria risk.”

Life of Ancient Trader Reconstruction

Artist reconstruction of the life of CHO001, a long-distance trader analyzed in this study who suffered from malaria and was buried at the site of Chokhopani, Nepal, ca 800 BCE. The foreground depicts agricultural fields in the province of Lumbini, a lowland region afflicted with endemic malaria until the 21st century, with the Kali Gandaki River cutting across. The river’s course has long served as an ancient trade route in Nepal. Chokhopani is depicted in the upper right, nestled among the cliffs in which CHO001’s tomb was found. In the middle of the painting, CHO001 is depicted carrying trade goods with his family and traveling up well-worn paths towards the Kora La pass. He is surrounded by fires symbolizing the cyclical malaria fevers he is experiencing after having contracted Plasmodium falciparum at low elevation. Credit: Purna Lama, Boudha Stupa Thanka Centre, Kathmandu, Nepal

Unexpected Discoveries in High-Altitude Malaria

On the other side of the world, the team unexpectedly identified the earliest known case of P. falciparum malaria at the high Himalayan site of Chokhopani (ca. 800 BCE), located along the Kali Gandaki River Valley in the Mustang District of Nepal. At 2800 meters above sea level, the site lies far outside the habitat range for both the malaria parasite and the Anopheles mosquito.

“The region surrounding Chokhopani is cold and quite dry,” said co-author Christina Warinner, Associate Professor of Anthropology at Harvard University and Group Leader at the MPI-EVA. “Neither the parasite nor the mosquitoes capable of transmitting malaria can survive at this altitude. For us, this raised a key question: how did the Chokhopani individual acquire the malaria infection that may have ultimately led to his death?”

Human genetic analysis revealed that the infected individual was a local male with genetic adaptations for life at high altitudes. However, archaeological evidence at Chokhopani and other nearby sites suggests that these Himalayan populations were actively engaged in long-distance trade.

“We think of these regions today as remote and inaccessible, but in fact the Kali Gandaki River Valley served as a kind of trans-Himalayan highway connecting people on the Tibetan Plateau with the Indian subcontinent,” says co-author Mark Aldenderfer, Distinguished Professor Emeritus at the University of California, Merced, whose excavations in the region have revealed its long-distance trade connections.

“Copper artifacts recovered from Chokhopani’s burial chambers prove that the ancient inhabitants of Mustang were part of larger exchange networks that included northern India, and you don’t have to travel very far to reach the low-lying, poorly drained regions of the Nepalese and Indian Terai where malaria is endemic today.”

The team believes that the man likely traveled to a lower-altitude malaria-endemic region, possibly for trade or other purposes, before returning or being brought back to Chokhopani, where he was later buried. The intimate details revealed by ancient DNA give clues to the myriad ways that infectious diseases like malaria spread in the past, giving rise to our current disease landscape.

The Ongoing Challenge of Malaria Today

Today, the human experience of malaria is at a crossroads. Thanks to advances in mosquito control and concerted public health campaigns, malaria deaths reached an all-time low in the 2010s. However, the emergence of antimalarial drug-resistant parasites and insecticide-resistant vectors threatens to reverse decades of progress, while climate change and environmental destruction are making new regions vulnerable to malaria vector species. The team hopes that ancient DNA may provide an additional tool for understanding and even combating this public health threat.

“For the first time, we are able to explore the ancient diversity of parasites from regions like Europe, where malaria is now eradicated,” says senior author Johannes Krause, Director of Archaeogenetics at the Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology.

“We see how mobility and population displacement spread malaria in the past, just as modern globalization makes malaria-free countries and regions vulnerable to reintroduction today. We hope that studying ancient diseases like malaria will provide a new window into understanding these organisms that continue to shape the world we live in today.”

Reference: “Ancient Plasmodium genomes shed light on the history of human malaria” by Megan Michel, Eirini Skourtanioti, Federica Pierini, Evelyn K. Guevara, Angela Mötsch, Arthur Kocher, Rodrigo Barquera, Raffaela A. Bianco, Selina Carlhoff, Lorenza Coppola Bove, Suzanne Freilich, Karen Giffin, Taylor Hermes, Alina Hiß, Florian Knolle, Elizabeth A. Nelson, Gunnar U. Neumann, Luka Papac, Sandra Penske, Adam B. Rohrlach, Nada Salem, Lena Semerau, Vanessa Villalba-Mouco, Isabelle Abadie, Mark Aldenderfer, Jessica F. Beckett, Matthew Brown, Franco G. R. Campus, Tsang Chenghwa, María Cruz Berrocal, Ladislav Damašek, Kellie Sara Duffett Carlson, Raphaël Durand, Michal Ernée, Cristinel Fântaneanu, Hannah Frenzel, Gabriel García Atiénzar, Sonia Guillén, Ellen Hsieh, Maciej Karwowski, David Kelvin, Nikki Kelvin, Alexander Khokhlov, Rebecca L. Kinaston, Arkadii Korolev, Kim-Louise Krettek, Mario Küßner, Luca Lai, Cory Look, Kerttu Majander, Kirsten Mandl, Vittorio Mazzarello, Michael McCormick, Patxuka de Miguel Ibáñez, Reg Murphy, Rita E. Németh, Kerkko Nordqvist, Friederike Novotny, Martin Obenaus, Lauro Olmo-Enciso, Päivi Onkamo, Jörg Orschiedt, Valerii Patrushev, Sanni Peltola, Alejandro Romero, Salvatore Rubino, Antti Sajantila, Domingo C. Salazar-García, Elena Serrano, Shapulat Shaydullaev, Emanuela Sias, Mario Šlaus, Ladislav Stanco, Treena Swanston, Maria Teschler-Nicola, Frederique Valentin, Katrien Van de Vijver, Tamara L. Varney, Alfonso Vigil-Escalera Guirado, Christopher K. Waters, Estella Weiss-Krejci, Eduard Winter, Thiseas C. Lamnidis, Kay Prüfer, Kathrin Nägele, Maria Spyrou, Stephan Schiffels, Philipp W. Stockhammer, Wolfgang Haak, Cosimo Posth, Christina Warinner, Kirsten I. Bos, Alexander Herbig and Johannes Krause, 12 June 2024, Nature.
DOI: 10.1038/s41586-024-07546-2

>>> Read full article>>>
Copyright for syndicated content belongs to the linked Source : SciTechDaily – https://scitechdaily.com/unraveling-malarias-ancient-mysteries-dna-reveals-5500-year-old-infections/

Tags: Malaria’sscienceunraveling
Previous Post

New Study Links Gut Vitamin B Deficiency to Parkinson’s Disease

Next Post

Unique Signatures Discovered: New Mayo Clinic Research Reveals Molecular Clues to Alzheimer’s Disease

Environmental cognitive distance, R&D capability distance, and supply chain green technology innovation – Nature

Bridging Gaps: How Environmental and R&D Differences Drive Green Technology Innovation in Supply Chains

July 4, 2025
Penn State Ranks Inside Top Five in EA Sports College Football 26, QB Drew Allar Makes Rating Jump – Yahoo Sports

Penn State Ranks Inside Top Five in EA Sports College Football 26, QB Drew Allar Makes Rating Jump – Yahoo Sports

July 4, 2025
Church adds Mass ‘for care of creation’ to missal, pope to celebrate – usccb

Pope Introduces New Mass Dedicated to Caring for Creation

July 4, 2025
How UMich computer science students are navigating a shifting job market – The Michigan Daily

How UMich computer science students are navigating a shifting job market – The Michigan Daily

July 4, 2025
Genoa Central Junior High Student Places in the 2025 Soybean Science Challenge – TXK Today

Genoa Central Junior High Student Excels in 2025 Soybean Science Challenge

July 4, 2025
Maison & Objet, the Paris-based home and lifestyle trade show, announces leadership change – FashionNetwork India

Maison & Objet Reveals Dynamic New Leadership to Transform the Future of Home and Lifestyle

July 4, 2025
World’s biggest climate fund ramps up investment plans – Reuters

World’s Largest Climate Fund Accelerates Ambitious Investment Plans

July 4, 2025
US economy ‘on wobbly footing’: Why Wall Street strategists are cautious about stock market’s recent records – Yahoo Finance

US Economy on Shaky Ground: Why Wall Street Strategists Are Cautious Despite Stock Market Records

July 4, 2025
MAY HER SOUL REST IN PEACE 🙏 Veteran entertainment columnist and talent manager Lolit Solis has passed away. She was 78 years old. https://tinyurl.com/6kumarkx | LatestChika.com – Facebook

Beloved Entertainment Icon Lolit Solis Passes Away at 78 – A Life Remembered with Love and Respect 🙏

July 4, 2025
Supreme Court declines to hear case challenging parental consent for abortion – CNN

Supreme Court declines to hear case challenging parental consent for abortion – CNN

July 4, 2025

Categories

Archives

July 2025
MTWTFSS
 123456
78910111213
14151617181920
21222324252627
28293031 
« Jun    
Earth-News.info

The Earth News is an independent English-language daily published Website from all around the World News

Browse by Category

  • Business (20,132)
  • Ecology (704)
  • Economy (730)
  • Entertainment (21,618)
  • General (15,702)
  • Health (9,768)
  • Lifestyle (734)
  • News (22,149)
  • People (730)
  • Politics (737)
  • Science (15,947)
  • Sports (21,228)
  • Technology (15,714)
  • World (710)

Recent News

Environmental cognitive distance, R&D capability distance, and supply chain green technology innovation – Nature

Bridging Gaps: How Environmental and R&D Differences Drive Green Technology Innovation in Supply Chains

July 4, 2025
Penn State Ranks Inside Top Five in EA Sports College Football 26, QB Drew Allar Makes Rating Jump – Yahoo Sports

Penn State Ranks Inside Top Five in EA Sports College Football 26, QB Drew Allar Makes Rating Jump – Yahoo Sports

July 4, 2025
  • About
  • Advertise
  • Privacy & Policy
  • Contact

© 2023 earth-news.info

No Result
View All Result

© 2023 earth-news.info

No Result
View All Result

© 2023 earth-news.info

Go to mobile version