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Burkina, Niger to quit the anti-jihadist force G5 Sahel

December 3, 2023
in News
Burkina, Niger to quit the anti-jihadist force G5 Sahel
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Au lendemain du sommet sur le climat, la France réunit mercredi une vingtaine de dirigeants pour accélérer la mise en oeuvre de la nouvelle force conjointe G5 Sahel en raison de “l’urgence” sécuritaire sur le terrain.

Cette “réunion de soutien” se tient à l’initiative d’Emmanuel Macron, qui a récemment jugé “urgent de renverser la tendance” au Sahel, où “les terroristes” ont “enregistré des victoires militaires et symboliques” ces derniers mois.

Pour cela, le président français a convié au château de la Celle-Saint-Cloud, près de Paris, ses homologues du G5 Sahel: le Malien Ibrahim Boubakar Keïta, le Nigérien Mahamadou Issoufou, le Burkinabé Roch Marc Christian Kaboré, le Tchadien Idriss Déby et le Mauritanien Mohamed Ould Abdelaziz.

A leurs côtés, des partenaires de la force commune: l’ONU, l’Union africaine, l’Union européenne, la chancelière allemande Angela Merkel et les chefs des gouvernements italien Paolo Gentiloni et belge Charles Michel. L’Arabie saoudite, les Emirats et les Etats-Unis y participent également.

L’objectif est “d’accroître la mobilisation au profit du G5 Sahel sur les plans militaire, politique et financier”, explique l’Elysée.

“C’est une initiative qui monte en puissance mais il y a un problème de rythme”, a expliqué mercredi la ministre française des Armées Florence Parly sur la radio RFI.

“Il faut aller plus vite (…) L’objectif est de pouvoir avancer plus vite sur le financement et de structurer le volet militaire”, a-t-elle expliqué.

Lancée en début d’année, l’initiative vise à former une force de 5.000 hommes, composée de soldats des cinq pays impliqués, d’ici la mi-2018. Elle a déjà un quartier général, à Sévaré au Mali, et a récemment mené une première opération dans la zone des “trois frontières” entre Mali, Niger et Burkina Faso.

Son rôle est de reconquérir et de sécuriser les zones où les groupes extrémistes mènent “des actions par surprise” avant de s’évanouir dans l’immense désert sahélien, une région aussi vaste que l’Europe.

“Elle fait partie de ces forces africaines de nouvelle génération qui s’imposent de plus en plus dans un contexte international marqué par l’érosion du concept onusien de maintien de la paix, inadapté à des conflits asymétriques dont le terrorisme est l’une des composantes principales”, indique Crisis Group dans un rapport publié mardi.

– ‘Pas uniquement répressif’ –

Ces jihadistes ne sont que quelques centaines – entre 500 et 800, selon les estimations – mais ils conservent une capacité à affaiblir des Etats extrêmement fragiles, au premier rang desquels le Mali.

Ces combattants ont été en grande partie chassés par l’intervention militaire internationale lancée en janvier 2013 à l’initiative de la France, qui continue à maintenir 4.000 hommes dans le cadre de l’opération Barkhane.

Mais cette lutte est fragilisée par les “défaillances” du processus de paix au Mali, qui peine à réconcilier les différentes parties du sud et du nord du pays.

Il faut par ailleurs relever le défi financier alors que les pays du G5 Sahel sont parmi les plus pauvres du monde, et donc incapables de mobiliser les 250 millions d’euros nécessaires à la force dans un premier temps, puis “400 millions à plein exercice” selon Paris.

Mais l’appel aux contributions internationales a jusqu’à présent reçu un accueil mitigé. L’Union européenne a promis 50 millions d’euros, la France 8 millions (surtout en matériels), chacun des cinq pays fondateurs 10 millions, et l’Arabie saoudite devrait confirmer mercredi une contribution de 100 millions de dollars. Les Etats-Unis ont quant à eux promis aux cinq pays membres du G5 Sahel une aide bilatérale globale de 60 millions de dollars.

“Le compte n’y est pas encore. On n’en est pas tout à fait loin”, a précisé mercredi Mme Parly, au sujet des premiers 250 millions. “Cette réunion sera complétée par un sommet à Bruxelles. C’est un premier tour de table”, a-t-elle souligné.

Ce sommet, qui aura lieu en février, pourrait donner un rôle plus important à d’autres pays africains, absents mercredi, comme le Sénégal ou l’Algérie, qui joue un rôle clé dans la région avec ses longues frontières avec la Libye et le Mali.

Additional sources • AFP

>>> Read full article>>>
Copyright for syndicated content belongs to the linked Source : AfricaNews – http://www.africanews.com/2023/12/02/burkina-niger-to-quit-the-anti-jihadist-force-g5-sahel/

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