* . *
  • About
  • Advertise
  • Privacy & Policy
  • Contact
Saturday, June 14, 2025
Earth-News
  • Home
  • Business
  • Entertainment
    The Media and Entertainment Deal Machine Is Revving Up – WSJ

    The Media and Entertainment Deal Machine Is Gearing Up for Action

    Op-Ed: Data Storage and Protection in Today’s Media & Entertainment Industry – Sports Video Group

    How Data Storage and Protection Are Transforming the Media & Entertainment Industry

    The Analyst Verdict: PENN Entertainment In The Eyes Of 7 Experts – Nasdaq

    7 Experts Reveal the Ultimate Verdict on PENN Entertainment

    3 Arts Entertainment Expands Into News With Acquisition of OManagement (Exclusive) – The Hollywood Reporter

    3 Arts Entertainment Expands Into News With Acquisition of OManagement (Exclusive) – The Hollywood Reporter

    Leading Proxy Advisory Firm Glass Lewis Recommends Shareholders Vote “FOR” Both of PENN Entertainment’s Director Nominees on the WHITE Proxy Card – Business Wire

    Glass Lewis Urges Shareholders to Support All PENN Entertainment Director Nominees on the WHITE Proxy Card

    Cisco Partners with Monumental Sports & Entertainment to Power New D.C. Arena – Cisco Newsroom

    Cisco Teams Up with Monumental Sports & Entertainment to Revolutionize the New D.C. Arena Experience

  • General
  • Health
  • News

    Cracking the Code: Why China’s Economic Challenges Aren’t Shaking Markets, Unlike America’s” – Bloomberg

    Trump’s Narrow Window to Spread the Truth About Harris

    Trump’s Narrow Window to Spread the Truth About Harris

    Israel-Gaza war live updates: Hamas leader Ismail Haniyeh assassinated in Iran, group says

    Israel-Gaza war live updates: Hamas leader Ismail Haniyeh assassinated in Iran, group says

    PAP Boss to Niger Delta Youths, Stay Away from the Protest

    PAP Boss to Niger Delta Youths, Stay Away from the Protest

    Court Restricts Protests In Lagos To Freedom, Peace Park

    Court Restricts Protests In Lagos To Freedom, Peace Park

    Fans React to Jazz Jennings’ Inspiring Weight Loss Journey

    Fans React to Jazz Jennings’ Inspiring Weight Loss Journey

    Trending Tags

    • Trump Inauguration
    • United Stated
    • White House
    • Market Stories
    • Election Results
  • Science
  • Sports
  • Technology
    New Semiconductor Technology Could Supercharge 6G Delivery – SciTechDaily

    Revolutionary Semiconductor Technology Set to Turbocharge 6G Connectivity

    UTC To Host Quantum Technology Workshop June 23-25 – Chattanoogan.com: Breaking News

    Join the Quantum Technology Workshop This June 23-25!

    Rimac Technology Powers the Bugatti Tourbillon with Cutting-Edge Battery and Powertrain Tech – Rimac Newsroom

    Rimac Technology Drives the Bugatti Tourbillon with Revolutionary Battery and Powertrain Innovation

    “Co-creation” boosts commercial technology for dual-use defense applications – Breaking Defense

    “Co-creation” boosts commercial technology for dual-use defense applications – Breaking Defense

    MSI Viking and Mahr Host Technology Day – WSPA 7NEWS

    Step Inside the Thrilling World of MSI Viking and Mahr Technology Day!

    6.12pm is the new 8pm – Go Technology – cgastrategy.com

    6.12pm is the new 8pm – Go Technology – cgastrategy.com

    Trending Tags

    • Nintendo Switch
    • CES 2017
    • Playstation 4 Pro
    • Mark Zuckerberg
No Result
View All Result
  • Home
  • Business
  • Entertainment
    The Media and Entertainment Deal Machine Is Revving Up – WSJ

    The Media and Entertainment Deal Machine Is Gearing Up for Action

    Op-Ed: Data Storage and Protection in Today’s Media & Entertainment Industry – Sports Video Group

    How Data Storage and Protection Are Transforming the Media & Entertainment Industry

    The Analyst Verdict: PENN Entertainment In The Eyes Of 7 Experts – Nasdaq

    7 Experts Reveal the Ultimate Verdict on PENN Entertainment

    3 Arts Entertainment Expands Into News With Acquisition of OManagement (Exclusive) – The Hollywood Reporter

    3 Arts Entertainment Expands Into News With Acquisition of OManagement (Exclusive) – The Hollywood Reporter

    Leading Proxy Advisory Firm Glass Lewis Recommends Shareholders Vote “FOR” Both of PENN Entertainment’s Director Nominees on the WHITE Proxy Card – Business Wire

    Glass Lewis Urges Shareholders to Support All PENN Entertainment Director Nominees on the WHITE Proxy Card

    Cisco Partners with Monumental Sports & Entertainment to Power New D.C. Arena – Cisco Newsroom

    Cisco Teams Up with Monumental Sports & Entertainment to Revolutionize the New D.C. Arena Experience

  • General
  • Health
  • News

    Cracking the Code: Why China’s Economic Challenges Aren’t Shaking Markets, Unlike America’s” – Bloomberg

    Trump’s Narrow Window to Spread the Truth About Harris

    Trump’s Narrow Window to Spread the Truth About Harris

    Israel-Gaza war live updates: Hamas leader Ismail Haniyeh assassinated in Iran, group says

    Israel-Gaza war live updates: Hamas leader Ismail Haniyeh assassinated in Iran, group says

    PAP Boss to Niger Delta Youths, Stay Away from the Protest

    PAP Boss to Niger Delta Youths, Stay Away from the Protest

    Court Restricts Protests In Lagos To Freedom, Peace Park

    Court Restricts Protests In Lagos To Freedom, Peace Park

    Fans React to Jazz Jennings’ Inspiring Weight Loss Journey

    Fans React to Jazz Jennings’ Inspiring Weight Loss Journey

    Trending Tags

    • Trump Inauguration
    • United Stated
    • White House
    • Market Stories
    • Election Results
  • Science
  • Sports
  • Technology
    New Semiconductor Technology Could Supercharge 6G Delivery – SciTechDaily

    Revolutionary Semiconductor Technology Set to Turbocharge 6G Connectivity

    UTC To Host Quantum Technology Workshop June 23-25 – Chattanoogan.com: Breaking News

    Join the Quantum Technology Workshop This June 23-25!

    Rimac Technology Powers the Bugatti Tourbillon with Cutting-Edge Battery and Powertrain Tech – Rimac Newsroom

    Rimac Technology Drives the Bugatti Tourbillon with Revolutionary Battery and Powertrain Innovation

    “Co-creation” boosts commercial technology for dual-use defense applications – Breaking Defense

    “Co-creation” boosts commercial technology for dual-use defense applications – Breaking Defense

    MSI Viking and Mahr Host Technology Day – WSPA 7NEWS

    Step Inside the Thrilling World of MSI Viking and Mahr Technology Day!

    6.12pm is the new 8pm – Go Technology – cgastrategy.com

    6.12pm is the new 8pm – Go Technology – cgastrategy.com

    Trending Tags

    • Nintendo Switch
    • CES 2017
    • Playstation 4 Pro
    • Mark Zuckerberg
No Result
View All Result
Earth-News
No Result
View All Result
Home Science

Unprecedented Discovery: Astronomers Discover Primordial Differences in Binary Stars

July 20, 2024
in Science
Unprecedented Discovery: Astronomers Discover Primordial Differences in Binary Stars
Share on FacebookShare on Twitter

Giant Giant Binary

This artist’s impression illustrates a binary pair of giant stars. Despite being born from the same molecular cloud, astronomers often detect differences in binary stars’ chemical compositions and planetary systems. One star in this system is shown to host three small, rocky planets, while the other star hosts two gas giants. Using Gemini South’s GHOST, a team of astronomers have confirmed for the first time that these differences can be traced back to inhomogeneities in the primordial molecular cloud from which the stars were born. Credit: NOIRLab/NSF/AURA/J. da Silva (Spaceengine)/M. Zamani

Astronomers have verified that variations in the chemical makeup of binary stars originate from the initial phases of their formation.

Recent research using the Gemini South telescope has shown that differences in the chemical compositions of binary stars are due to primordial conditions in their birth clouds, challenging previous theories and suggesting a more complex process of star and planet formation.

It is estimated that up to 85% of stars exist in binary systems, with some even in systems containing three or more stars. These stellar pairs are born together from the same molecular cloud, sharing an abundance of chemical building blocks. Thus, astronomers would expect them to have nearly identical compositions and planetary systems. However, this isn’t always the case. While some explanations suggest these differences arise from events occurring after the stars evolved, a team of astronomers has confirmed for the first time that these dissimilarities can actually originate before the stars even begin to form.

Led by Carlos Saffe of the Institute of Astronomical, Earth and Space Sciences (ICATE-CONICET) in Argentina, the team used the Gemini South telescope in Chile, one half of the International Gemini Observatory, supported in part by the U.S. National Science Foundation and operated by NSF NOIRLab. With the new, precise Gemini High Resolution Optical SpecTrograph (GHOST) the team studied the different wavelengths of light, or spectra, given off by a pair of giant stars, which revealed significant differences in their chemical makeup. “GHOST’s extremely high-quality spectra offered unprecedented resolution,” said Saffe, “allowing us to measure the stars’ stellar parameters and chemical abundances with the highest possible precision.” These measurements revealed that one star had higher abundances of heavy elements than the other. To disentangle the origin of this discrepancy, the team used a unique approach.

Exploring Theories Behind Composition Variations

Previous studies have proposed three possible explanations for observed chemical differences between binary stars. Two of them involve processes that would occur well into the stars’ evolution: atomic diffusion, or the settling of chemical elements into gradient layers depending on each star’s temperature and surface gravity; and the engulfment of a small, rocky planet, which would introduce chemical variations in a star’s composition.

The third possible explanation looks back at the beginning of the stars’ formation, suggesting that the differences originate from primordial, or pre-existing, areas of nonuniformity within the molecular cloud. In simpler terms, if the molecular cloud has an uneven distribution of chemical elements, then stars born within that cloud will have different compositions depending on which elements were available at the location where each formed.

So far, studies have concluded that all three explanations are probable; however, these studies focused solely on main-sequence binaries. The ‘main-sequence’ is the stage where a star spends most of its existence, and the majority of stars in the Universe are main-sequence stars, including our Sun. Instead, Saffe and his team observed a binary consisting of two giant stars. These stars possess extremely deep and strongly turbulent external layers, or convective zones. Owing to the properties of these thick convective zones, the team was able to rule out two of the three possible explanations.

Convective Zones and Eliminating Theories

The continuous swirling of fluid within the convective zone would make it difficult for the material to settle into layers, meaning giant stars are less sensitive to the effects of atomic diffusion — ruling out the first explanation. The thick external layer also means that a planetary engulfment would not change a star’s composition much since the ingested material would rapidly be diluted — ruling out the second explanation. This leaves primordial inhomogeneities within the molecular cloud as the confirmed explanation. “This is the first time astronomers have been able to confirm that differences between binary stars begin at the earliest stages of their formation,” said Saffe.

“Using the precision-measurement capabilities provided by the GHOST instrument, Gemini South is now collecting observations of stars at the end of their lives to reveal the environment in which they were born,” says Martin Still, NSF program director for the International Gemini Observatory. “This gives us the ability to explore how the conditions in which stars form can influence their entire existence over millions or billions of years.”

Three consequences of this study are of particular significance. First, these results offer an explanation for why astronomers see binary stars with such different planetary systems. “Different planetary systems could mean very different planets — rocky, Earth-like, ice giants, gas giants — that orbit their host stars at different distances and where the potential to support life might be very different,” said Saffe.

Second, these results pose a crucial challenge to the concept of chemical tagging — using chemical composition to identify stars that came from the same environment or stellar nursery — by showing that stars with different chemical compositions can still have the same origin.

Finally, observed differences previously attributed to planetary impacts on a star’s surface will need to be reviewed, as they might now be seen as having been there from the very beginning of the star’s life.

“By showing for the first time that primordial differences really are present and responsible for differences between twin stars, we show that star and planet formation could be more complex than initially thought,” said Saffe. “The Universe loves diversity!”

Reference: “Disentangling the origin of chemical differences using GHOST” by C. Saffe, P. Miquelarena, J. Alacoria, E. Martioli, M. Flores, M. Jaque Arancibia, R. Angeloni, E. Jofré, J. Yana Galarza, E. González and A. Collado, 26 February 2024, Astronomy & Astrophysics.
DOI: 10.1051/0004-6361/202449263

>>> Read full article>>>
Copyright for syndicated content belongs to the linked Source : SciTechDaily – https://scitechdaily.com/unprecedented-discovery-astronomers-discover-primordial-differences-in-binary-stars/

Tags: DiscoveryscienceUnprecedented
Previous Post

Identify Unknown Substances Instantly: Pocket-Sized Invention Revolutionizes Ability To Detect Harmful Materials

Next Post

Manolo Marquez named as new coach of India’s men’s football team

New Semiconductor Technology Could Supercharge 6G Delivery – SciTechDaily

Revolutionary Semiconductor Technology Set to Turbocharge 6G Connectivity

June 14, 2025
Saturday Sports: It’s the finals for the NBA, Stanley Cup and FIFA World Club Cup – NPR

Saturday Showdown: NBA, Stanley Cup, and FIFA World Club Cup Finals Heat Up!

June 14, 2025
Trump’s Proposed Budget Would Cut a Major Ecology Program – The New York Times

Trump’s Proposed Budget Threatens Major Ecology Program with Significant Cuts

June 14, 2025
The science of sweating: Staying cool in Southern Colorado – FOX21 News Colorado

The science of sweating: Staying cool in Southern Colorado – FOX21 News Colorado

June 14, 2025
Scientists discover strong, unexpected link between Earth’s magnetic field and oxygen levels – Live Science

Scientists Uncover Surprising Connection Between Earth’s Magnetic Field and Oxygen Levels

June 14, 2025
Doctors say this lifestyle choice is the biggest contributor to cognitive decline and dementia – Earth.com

Doctors Uncover the Lifestyle Habit Most Connected to Cognitive Decline and Dementia

June 14, 2025
The economic risks of Israel’s Iran attack – Axios

The High-Stakes Economic Fallout of an Israeli Strike on Iran

June 14, 2025
The Media and Entertainment Deal Machine Is Revving Up – WSJ

The Media and Entertainment Deal Machine Is Gearing Up for Action

June 14, 2025
Kenvue mulls sale of some skin health and beauty brands, sources say – Reuters

Kenvue Explores Selling Select Skin Health and Beauty Brands to Refocus Growth

June 14, 2025
Trump’s aggressive moves on immigration protests put Democrats in a political bind – CNN

Trump’s Bold Immigration Crackdown Puts Democrats in a Tough Spot

June 14, 2025

Categories

Archives

June 2025
MTWTFSS
 1
2345678
9101112131415
16171819202122
23242526272829
30 
« May    
Earth-News.info

The Earth News is an independent English-language daily published Website from all around the World News

Browse by Category

  • Business (20,132)
  • Ecology (685)
  • Economy (700)
  • Entertainment (21,602)
  • General (15,375)
  • Health (9,741)
  • Lifestyle (704)
  • News (22,149)
  • People (701)
  • Politics (706)
  • Science (15,917)
  • Sports (21,201)
  • Technology (15,687)
  • World (682)

Recent News

New Semiconductor Technology Could Supercharge 6G Delivery – SciTechDaily

Revolutionary Semiconductor Technology Set to Turbocharge 6G Connectivity

June 14, 2025
Saturday Sports: It’s the finals for the NBA, Stanley Cup and FIFA World Club Cup – NPR

Saturday Showdown: NBA, Stanley Cup, and FIFA World Club Cup Finals Heat Up!

June 14, 2025
  • About
  • Advertise
  • Privacy & Policy
  • Contact

© 2023 earth-news.info

No Result
View All Result

© 2023 earth-news.info

No Result
View All Result

© 2023 earth-news.info

Go to mobile version